Nichrome is a nickel-chromium alloy with non-magnetic properties. The alloy also sometimes includes some parts of iron as its constituents. Nichrome is normally used to make resistance wires. This substance was patented in 1905.
CAS Number: 11106-97-1
The chemical formula for Nichrome is NiCr. For samples which include iron as a constituent, the chemical formula is NiFeCr.
A well-known alloy combines 80% Nickel and 20% Chromium. This alloy is known as Nichrome 80/20. There are however other alloy compositions which combine nickel, chromium and iron in different other ratios.
Picture 1 – Nichrome
Here are some basic properties of Nichrome.
Nichrome has a silvery gray coloration.
The specific gravity of Nichrome is 8.4.
The density of Nichrome is 8400 kg/m3.
The melting point of this substance is 1400°C.
The electrical resistivity at room temperature for this substance is 1.0 × 10−6 to 1.5 × 10−6 Ω (Ohms).
Specific heat measures the amount of heat that is needed to alter a substance’s temperature by a particular amount, usually 1 degree. The specific heat for this substance is 450 Jkg−1°C−1.
Thermal conductivity is the ability of a substance to conduct heat. The thermal conductivity for Nichrome is 11.3 Wm−1°C−1.
The modulus of elasticity or elastic modulus is the mathematical representation of a substance or an object’s tendency to deform when a particular force is employed to it. The modulus of elasticity for Nichrome is 2.2 × 1011 Pa.
Thermal expansion is the property of matter by which a substance changes volume with the application of heat. The thermal expansion coefficient of Nichrome is 14 × 10−6/°C.
The operating temperature is defined as the temperature at which a mechanical or an electrical device operates. The Operating temperature for Nichrome is 900°C.
Temperature Coefficient mathematically represents the relative change of physical properties of a substance when the temperature is altered by 1 Kelvin.
The temperature coefficient of resistance for Nichrome is 100 ppm/°C at a temperature ranging between 25°C and 100°C.
The substance is highly resistant to corrosion.
The substance is resistant to oxidation at high temperatures.
Here are some of the common uses of Nichrome:
Nichrome wires and ribbons can be bought from shops that sell electrical wires and goods. 24 gauges of round Nichrome wires having .020 inches diameter with 25 inches coil can cost about $15 to $16. Flat Nichrome ribbons having dimensions of 1/16 inches width and .010 inches thickness cost around $2.20 per feet.
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